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Reflector & lens
What is a reflective cup and what is a lens? This problem has puzzled me a long time ago. I believe many people think that the reflector and the lens are similar in the same way as I used to, but they are different in structure and are still the same. So there are not many people to go deep into this issue.
As we all know, reflectors and lenses are secondary optics, the role is to secondary light distribution, they can be said to be the core of the light efficiency of the lamp, if there is no such core application, the lamp market is about to return to the original At the stage, there are fluorescent tubes everywhere. Since it is used, let us first understand the difference between the reflector and the lens.
Reflective cup
The lamp should know that the original light angle of the LED is about 120°. In order to achieve the use of light and achieve the desired effect, the lamp will use a reflector to control the distance, area and spot effect of the light, and the reflector is usually The form of the cup appears, and the reflector industry that appears in this form is collectively referred to as the reflector.
Reflectors themselves fall into two broad categories:
Metal reflector: generally made of aluminum, which needs to be finished by stamping, polishing, oxidation, etc. It is easy to form, low in cost and high in temperature resistance, and is easily recognized by the industry.
Plastic reflector: it needs to be demoulded, its optical precision is high, there is no deformation memory, the cost is relatively higher than that of metal, but its temperature resistance is not as good as metal cup. For high temperature lamps, it is far away. Device.
It is also worth mentioning that not all the light from the light source to the reflector is refraction and then out. This part of the light that has not been refracted is optically called the secondary spot (as shown below). The presence of the light spot has a visually easing effect on the team.
♦ Reflective cup and its spot effect
♦ Working principle and renderings of the reflector
lens
Reflective cups are classified, and lenses are also classified. LED lenses are divided into primary lenses and secondary lenses. The lens we generally refer to is a secondary lens by default, which is said to be closely combined with the LED light source. Different lenses can be used to achieve the desired optical effect, depending on the requirements.
LED lens is mainly used in the market as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) and PC (polycarbonate). The transmittance of PMMA is 93%, while PC is only about 88%, but the latter is resistant. The temperature is relatively high, the melting point reaches 135°, and the PMMA is only 90°, so the two materials occupy the lens market almost by the advantage of each half.
The secondary lenses on the market today are generally TIR. The design of the lens penetrates the spotlight on the front side, while the tapered surface collects and reflects all the side light. When the two lights are overlapped After using it, you can get a perfect spot effect. The efficiency of TIR lenses is generally above 90%, and the beam angle is generally <60°, which can be applied to small angle lamps.
♦ How the lens works and the renderings
When the topic is here, there will definitely be friends who will ask, when do you use the lens and when do you use the reflector?
Read the previous classmates know that the reflector has a side spot, which can provide an excess, which makes the light more comfortable, but it is not the same. First let everyone see a set of pictures.
Lens light effect
Reflective cup light effect
The effect of the lens is relatively perfect, generally there is no side spot, the light shape is more beautiful; and the effect of the reflective cup has a side spot, and the light shape has a layering effect. I believe that the friends with normal aesthetics will feel that the effect of the above picture is more suitable for displaying the artistic nature of the hanging picture, while the picture with the side spot is a bit unsatisfactory, and even it can be said that it looks awkward, but this represents the reflection of the side spot. Is the cup useless? That's not, just look at the picture below.
Changed a scene, still a reflective cup, still a secondary spot, but when the effect of the secondary spot is fully highlighted, in fact, its aesthetics is not a grade compared to the previous one, so whether to choose a lens or not Reflective cup as a secondary light distribution component, almost the same as the so-called boyfriend friend and his girlfriend fell into the water, in the end who saved the first-class problems.
This is also a problem of putting the cart before the horse. First of all, for developers, you have to figure out where your needs are, what preconditions are used, and what kind of light effects you need to achieve. Then there is a further implementation process and implementation plan.
Still, the ones that can achieve the effect are the optical components you need and that you think are the best. They are not good or bad.
The next step is to recommend the appropriate luminaire for the reflector and lens (without optical requirements).
1, downlight (wall lamp)
Lamps like downlights are usually installed on the walls of corridors and are one of the lamps closest to the human eye. If the light of the lamps is strong, it is easy for people to show psychological and physiological discomfort, so the downlights Class design, in the absence of special requirements, the effect of using the reflector is generally better than the lens. After all, there is excessive side spot, which will not make people walk in the corridor and feel that the light intensity is too strong. The eyes are not comfortable.
2, flood light (spotlight)
Floodlights are generally based on illuminating a certain thing. It requires a certain range and light intensity. More importantly, it needs to clearly show the object of illumination in the field of vision, so it is mainly based on illumination. It is far away from the human eye. Generally, it does not cause discomfort to people. When designing, the lens will be better than the reflector. If it is a single light source, it is better to use the pinch lens. The range is not comparable to a typical optical component.
3, wall washer
Wall washers are generally used to illuminate the wall. The internal light source is more. If a reflector with a strong side spot is used, it is easy to cause people's discomfort, so it is similar to a lamp such as a wall washer. The lens is superior to the reflector.
4, mining lamp
This is really a product that is difficult to choose. First of all, understand the application areas of industrial and mining lamps, factories, highway toll stations, large shopping malls and other large areas of space, and many factors in this area can not be controlled, such as height, The width is easy to interfere with the application of the luminaire, so how to choose a lens or reflector for the mining lamp?
In fact, the best way is to determine the height, the installation height is relatively low, close to the human eye, it is recommended to use the reflector, the installation height is relatively high, it is recommended to use the lens. There is no reason for it. The bottom is too close to the eye. It needs an excessive, high distance from the eye and requires a range.
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